This is a build tool which takes instructions from the pom.xml file which has all dependencies to be installed
it is used to package java written applications when we do mvn install it :
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Compile the source code (mvn compile)
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Run tests (mvn test)
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Package the project (usually into a .jar or .war file)
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Install the final package into your local Maven repository (usually in ~/.m2/repository)
after this the full working code can be transported into different places with a single .jar file